openLayers
- 开源的javascript库,用来在web浏览器显示地图,提供的API类似于Google地图和Bing地图。
- 使用的默认投影坐标:EPSG:3857,和OSM(OpenStreetMap)/Google Map/Bing Map默认坐标一致;不同于高德百度地图的数据格式('EPSG:4326' WGS 84),使用前注意转换。
- 坐标格式:coordinate: [lon, lat][(longitude)经度, (Latitude)纬度]。
注意点
- 如果该应用程序旨在在Internet Explorer或Android 4.x等旧平台上运行,则在OpenLayers之前需要包含另一个脚本:
- 加载问题:加载场景,地图加载。
初始化一个简单的 map
引入
CDN
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/openlayers/openlayers.github.io@master/en/v6.4.3/css/ol.css" type="text/css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/openlayers/openlayers.github.io@master/en/v6.4.3/build/ol.js"></script>NPM
npm install olimport { Map, View } from "ol";
import TileLayer from "ol/layer/Tile"; 
import { XYZ, OSM } from "ol/source";创建map
<div id="mapTarget" class="map"></div>
<style>
.map {
    width: 800px;
    height: 600px;
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
let mapView = new View({
    center: [lon, lat],
    zoom: 4
});
let map = new Map({
    target: 'mapTarget',
    layers: [
        new TileLayer({
            source: new XYZ({
                url: 'http://wprd0{1-4}.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile?lang=zh_cn&size=1&scl=1&style=7&x={x}&y={y}&z={z}'
                // source: new OSM() // 使用OSM地图
            })
        }),
    ],
    view: mapView
});
</script>CDN引入的创建方式也类似,只是需要格式有些变化,例如:new ol.map({})。
为Map添加标记点
- 添加标记点
import VectorLayer from "ol/layer/Vector";
import Feature from "ol/Feature";
import Point from "ol/geom/Point";
import VectorSource from "ol/source/Vector";
let feature = new Feature({ geometry: new Point([lon, lat]) });
let pointLayer = new VectorLayer({
    source: new VectorSource({
        features: [feature]
    })
});
map.addLayer(pointLayer);- 标记点样式 (图文标记)
- Style: 元素的样式
- Icon: 图标
- Text: 文字
- Fill: 元素填充样式
图文样式
import { Style, Icon, Text, Fill, Stroke } from "ol/style";
let style = new Style({
    image: new Icon({
        anchor: [0.5, 0.5],
        anchorYUnits: "pixels",
        anchorOrigin: "bottom-right",
        offsetOrigin: "top-right",
        offset: [0, 0],
        opacity: 1,
        crossOrigin: "Anonymous",
        scale: 1,
        src: './img/starticon.png',
    }),
    text: new Text({
        text: '航线起点',
        font: "normal 16px Source Han Sans CN",
        textAlign: "center",
        fill: new Fill({ color: "#000000" }),
    }) // 标记文字的样式
});
feature.setStyle(style);为Map 添加串线(由标记点连接而成)
- 使用openlayers 的 LineString(串线) api。
- Stroke: 串线样式
- 添加线
import VectorLayer from "ol/layer/Vector";
import VectorSource from "ol/source/Vector";
import Feature from "ol/Feature";
import LineString from "ol/geom/LineString";
import { Style, Stroke } from "ol/style";
let lineGeometry = new LineString([coordinate0, coordinate1, ...]);
let lineStringLayer = new VectorLayer({
    source: new VectorSource({
        features: [
            new Feature({
                geometry: lineGeometry,
            }),
        ],
        wrap: false,
    }),
    style: new Style({
        stroke: new Stroke({
            color: "#4ed8aa",
            width: 6,
        }),
    }),
});
map.addLayer(lineStringLayer);openlayers 的 overlay 为地图添加覆盖层
- 添加overlay
<div id="realAir"><img src="@/assets/demo/drone.gif" style="width: 40px;"></div>import { Map, View, Overlay } from "ol"; 
let overlay = new Overlay({
    id: "realair",
    element: document.getElementById("realAir"),
    position: realFeatures,
    positioning: "center-center"
});
map.addOverlay(overlay);地图居中的两种方式
- center: [lon, lat], zoom: 4
- mapView.fit(lineGeometry)// 按当前串线的最适合尺寸缩放地图